boot full 용량문제

• /boot is 100% full, apt-get purge linux-image-x.x.x.x-generic won't work
• 우분투(ubuntu) 부팅 공간 확보 :: 살만한 세상 만들기
• Remove all packages marked as rc by dpkg
• 패키지가 제거는 되었지만 설정이 남아 있는 경우

/boot 용량문제

### /boot 용량확인
df -h
Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
....
/dev/sda1                    228M  223M     0 100% /boot
....

### /boot 용량확인
du -sh /boot
223M    /boot

### /boot 관련 dpkg 확인
# dpkg -l "linux*"
dpkg -l | grep "linux.*imag.*"
... 설치된 linux-headers, linux-image 목록이 나온다.
# rc : r 패키지 제거됨, c 설정파일은 존재함.

# 상태가 rc 인 패키지 설정제거
dpkg --list |grep "^rc" | cut -d " " -f 3 | xargs sudo dpkg --purge

### 현재 사용중인 이미지를 확인 한다. 필요하다면 grub를 이용해서 설치된 이미지로 부팅한다.
uname -r
4.4.0-57-generic

### 일단 청소
apt autoclean && apt autoremove

### 이건 해보지 않음.. ^^;;;
# byobu 설치
apt install byobu.
# 이전 커널 제거
purge-old-kernels

### 수동 패키지 제거
apt-get purge linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic && update-grub.
# 리부팅 후 force 설치
apt-get -f install
apt update && apt full-upgrade.
# 최신 커널로 재부팅후, 이전 커널 제거

### dpkg 방법
# 터미널에서 최신커널이전 삭제
echo $(dpkg --list | grep linux-image | awk '{ print $2 }' | sort -V | sed -n '/'`uname -r`'/q;p') $(dpkg --list | grep linux-headers | awk '{ print $2 }' | sort -V | sed -n '/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/\([0-9.-]*\)-\([^0-9]\+\)/\1/")"'/q;p') | xargs sudo apt-get -y purge
# 리부팅 후 패키지 설치
apt-get -f install
apt update && apt full-upgrade
apt autoclean && apt autoremove
purge_old_kernels

dpkg

dpkg --help
사용법: dpkg [<옵션> ...] <명령>

Commands:
    -i|--install       <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive <directory> ...
    --unpack           <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive <directory> ...
    -A|--record-avail  <.deb file name> ... | -R|--recursive <directory> ...
    --configure        <package> ... | -a|--pending
    --triggers-only    <package> ... | -a|--pending
    -r|--remove        <package> ... | -a|--pending
    -P|--purge         <package> ... | -a|--pending
    -V|--verify <package> ...        Verify the integrity of package(s).
    --get-selections [<pattern> ...] Get list of selections to stdout.
    --set-selections                 Set package selections from stdin.
    --clear-selections               Deselect every non-essential package.
    --update-avail [<Packages-file>] Replace available packages info.
    --merge-avail [<Packages-file>]  Merge with info from file.
    --clear-avail                    Erase existing available info.
    --forget-old-unavail             Forget uninstalled unavailable pkgs.
    -s|--status <package> ...        Display package status details.
    -p|--print-avail <package> ...   Display available version details.
    -L|--listfiles <package> ...     List files 'owned' by package(s).
    -l|--list [<pattern> ...]        List packages concisely.
    -S|--search <pattern> ...        Find package(s) owning file(s).
    -C|--audit [<package> ...]       Check for broken package(s).
    --yet-to-unpack                  Print packages selected for installation.
    --predep-package                 Print pre-dependencies to unpack.
    --add-architecture <arch>        Add <arch> to the list of architectures.
    --remove-architecture <arch>     Remove <arch> from the list of architectures.
    --print-architecture             Print dpkg architecture.
    --print-foreign-architectures    Print allowed foreign architectures.
    --assert-<feature>               Assert support for the specified feature.
    --compare-versions <a> <op> <b>  Compare version numbers - see below.
    --force-help                     Show help on forcing.
    -Dh|--debug=help                 Show help on debugging.

    -?, --help                       Show this help message.
        --version                    Show the version.

Assertable features: support-predepends, working-epoch, long-filenames,
    multi-conrep, multi-arch, versioned-provides.

Use dpkg with -b, --build, -c, --contents, -e, --control, -I, --info,
    -f, --field, -x, --extract, -X, --vextract, --ctrl-tarfile, --fsys-tarfile
on archives (type dpkg-deb --help).

Options:
    --admindir=<directory>     Use <directory> instead of /var/lib/dpkg.
    --root=<directory>         Install on a different root directory.
    --instdir=<directory>      Change installation dir without changing admin dir.
    --path-exclude=<pattern>   Do not install paths which match a shell pattern.
    --path-include=<pattern>   Re-include a pattern after a previous exclusion.
    -O|--selected-only         Skip packages not selected for install/upgrade.
    -E|--skip-same-version     Skip packages whose same version is installed.
    -G|--refuse-downgrade      Skip packages with earlier version than installed.
    -B|--auto-deconfigure      Install even if it would break some other package.
    --[no-]triggers            Skip or force consequential trigger processing.
    --verify-format=<format>   Verify output format (supported: 'rpm').
    --no-debsig                Do not try to verify package signatures.
    --no-act|--dry-run|--simulate
                                Just say what we would do - don't do it.
    -D|--debug=<octal>         Enable debugging (see -Dhelp or --debug=help).
    --status-fd <n>            Send status change updates to file descriptor <n>.
    --status-logger=<command>  Send status change updates to <command>'s stdin.
    --log=<filename>           Log status changes and actions to <filename>.
    --ignore-depends=<package>,...
                                Ignore dependencies involving <package>.
    --force-...                Override problems (see --force-help).
    --no-force-...|--refuse-...
                                Stop when problems encountered.
    --abort-after <n>          Abort after encountering <n> errors.

--compare-versions에서 사용하는 비교 연산자:
    lt le eq ne ge gt       (버전이 없는 경우 항상 이전 버전으로 취급)
    lt-nl le-nl ge-nl gt-nl (버전이 없는 경우 항상 이후 버전으로 취급)
    < << <= = >= >> >       (control 파일의 형식과의 호환성을 위해서만 사용).

Use 'apt' or 'aptitude' for user-friendly package management.

State Info

First letter -> desired package state ("selection state"):
u ... unknown
i ... install
r ... remove/deinstall
p ... purge (remove including config files)
h ... hold

Second letter -> current package state:
n ... not-installed
i ... installed
c ... config-files (only the config files are installed)
u ... unpacked
f ... half-configured (configuration failed for some reason)
h ... half-installed (installation failed for some reason)
w ... triggers-awaited (package is waiting for a trigger from another package)
t ... triggers-pending (package has been triggered)

Third letter -> error state (you normally shouldn't see a thrid letter):
r ... reinst-required (package broken, reinstallation required)