- [워드프레스 Tips] Let’s Encrypt 무료 SSL인증서 발급 및 자동 갱신 방법
- LETSENCRYPT 에서 SSL 인증서를 무료로 발급 받아 웹 서버에 적용하기
- https://github.com/certbot/certbot
- Let’s Encrypt 무료 SSL 인증서 갱신하기
letencrypt 설치
Apache 는 서버중지 없이 자동으로 인증서 발급 및 설정이 되지만, Nginx는 서버를 중지해서 인증서 발급후 다시 시작해야 한다.
sudo apt update -y && sudo apt install letsencrypt -y
dhparms.pem.추가
sudo openssl dhparam -out /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem 2048
설정
sudo systemctl stop nginx sudo letsencrypt certonly --standalone -m username@domain.com -d domain.com -d www.domain.com # /etc/letsencrypt/archive/domain.com/ 에 생성 # /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain/ 에 링크를 사용한다.
Nginx 적용
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name _;
return 301 htps://domain.com$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl;
server_name www.domain.com;
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/doamin.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem;
ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem;
resolver 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1;
return 301 https://domain.com$request_uri;
}
server {
listen 443 ssl default_server;
listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
...
}
server {
listen 443 ssl http2 default_server;
server_name domain.com;
root /home/username/www/;
add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; .domain.com";
add_header X-Frame-Options DENY;
ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/privkey.pem;
ssl_dhparam /etc/ssl/certs/dhparam.pem;
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;
ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem;
# resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4;
resolver 1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA';
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_session_timeout 1d;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
...
}
Apache 적용
<VirtualHost *:443>
....
SSLEngine on
SSLProtocol all -SSLv2 -SSLv3
SSLCipherSuite ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:AES128-GCM-SHA256:AES256-GCM-SHA384:AES128-SHA256:AES256-SHA256:AES128-SHA:AES256-SHA:AES:CAMELLIA:DES-CBC3-SHA:!aNULL:!eNULL:!EXPORT:!DES:!RC4:!MD5:!PSK:!aECDH:!EDH-DSS-DES-CBC3-SHA:!EDH-RSA-DES-CBC3-SHA:!KRB5-DES-CBC3-SHA
SSLHonorCipherOrder on
SSLCertificateFile "/etc/letsencrypt/live/funfarm.kr/cert.pem"
SSLCertificateKeyFile "/etc/letsencrypt/live/funfarm.kr/privkey.pem"
SSLCertificateChainFile "/etc/letsencrypt/live/funfarm.kr/chain.pem"
</VirtualHost>
letsencrypt 갱신
sudo systemctl stop nginx # 갱신 주기내 인증서를 갱신한다. # 갱신 주기가 되지 않았다면 갱신하지 않는다. sudo letsencrypt renew Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/domain.com.conf ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cert not yet due for renewal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/img.domain.com.conf ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Attempting to parse the version 0.26.1 renewal configuration file found at /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/domain.com.conf with version 0.23.0 of Certbot. This might not work. Cert not yet due for renewal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The following certs are not due for renewal yet: /etc/letsencrypt/live/domain.com/fullchain.pem expires on 2018-10-28 (skipped) /etc/letsencrypt/live/img.domain/fullchain.pem expires on 2018-10-28 (skipped) No renewals were attempted. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- sudo systemctl start nginx
certbot installation
git clone https://github.com/certbot/certbot certbot
설정
sudo systemctl stop nginx cd certbot ./certbot-auto certonly -m domain.com -d domain.com -d www.domain.com -d blog.domain.com sudo systemctl start nginx
certbot 갱신
letsencrypt 와 동일하다.
설치된 소스를 보면 certbot-auto, letsencrypt-auto 가 있다.
이는 위에서 설치한 letsencrypt와 동일하게 적용된다.
#./certbot-auto renew ./letsencrypt-auto renew # letsencrypt와 동일한 결과
crontab 등록
0 5 * * 0 systemctl stop nginx; letsencrypt renew >> /var/log/letsencrypt/le-renew.log; systemctl start nginx; #0 5 * * 0 systemctl stop nginx; /root/certbot/certbot-auto renew >> /var/log/letsencrypt/le-renew.log; systemctl start nginx; 0 5 * * 0 systemctl stop apache2; letsencrypt renew >> /var/log/letsencrypt/le-renew.log; systemctl start apache2;
매주 일요일 새벽 5시 갱신
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